Treenail-machine



t,iiarI-IEe]D srafrns PATENT o f nicn- JosiaH xircBr,l oF. cinoinit/irri, oHio.

TREENAIL-MACHINE.

Specification of-Letters Patent No. 61,659, dated August 21, 1849.

struction of the same, reference being had tok the annexed drawings, making a partl of this specific ation.

Figure lis aA plan or top view;`Fig. 2, isI

an elevation; Fig. 3, a pendulum or rest for the end of treenail, Fig. 4, planing bit on its holder,Fig. 5,v end elevation, Fig. 6, perpendicular section o f head or bedl on which the planing bits are fitted, Fig. 7 guide throughy which the treenail is forced by pitman from mainshaft, Fig. 8, a plugto be inserted in guide (Fig. 7,) when the` pinris beingeight squared, Fig. 9, horizontal section of head to a large scale.

rlphe nature of my invention consists in making t-reenails for ship-building andkother purposes byforcing the timber between sharp bits or knives. These bits are ar ranged on a main head at suitable angles with each other, so as to shave the. pin as it passes through the head, square orotherwise. They are also by means of a rockshaft and slide connections round the head made to close their edges gradually on the treenail as it is forced through between them, at once squaring and tapering it.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe itsconstruction and operation.

Figs. l andv 2 of the accompanying drawings, show a planl elevation of the entire machine, the framework of which may be made to vary in its construction to suit circumstances. Fig. 1- shows the driving pulley, with cam fly-wheel and crank on the same shaft; from the crank proceeds the pitman working 'F head on which the punch or treenail driver is bolted. The treenail is shown next on the rest from which pendulum is suspended below; the cam-rod working rockshaft, which moves the slide in connection with the planing bits, gives the tapering motion to those bits which they treenail is being forced through. Fig. 35 shows the pendulum and shaft at right angles with it on which it swings, the endsl of the shaft having journalswhich. work inl plummer boxes on the sides of frame, so that the fork or rest m, is on a line with the bits (planing bits) and punch or treenail-driver.

la, represents a springk which forms one side of the fork or rest, and gives way to the rough treenail when pressed down into it; b, is a ball of| metal whichr ismade so heavy as whenV the fork m, is pushed forward by the stroke ofthe pitman and punch o r driver, it-wil l swing back, and recover the perpendicular position of the pendulum g to which it is attached.

Fig. 7 represents the, guide which lays transverse on the framework, before the planing bits a, a, Figs. 1y and 2, and which is bolted down through arms extending from the headl and through the framework, so as to give a strong connection between the guide and head on frame. 0, c, represents levers with weights attached.

I), represents a slide-pin passing down through the top of guide exactly over the hole through which the treenail must pass,

' and its lower end within the square hole is ybeveled off on the side which the treenail enters so that the superior pressure on the Atreenail overcomes the inferior pressure of the lever c and weight on the upper end of the slide-pin, but the pressure of the lever c on slidepins is suiiici'ent to steady the motion of the treenail as it passes through the bits. A similar slide-pin to o, may be seen at a, within the square hole of guide which -is pressed horizontally by a knee on the left hand lever c, and consequently giving a pressure at right angle to that of the right hand lever c.

These two .slide-pins thereforeserve to press the rough treenail against the two opposite sides of the guide-hole, and

4when it happens that the rough treenail is not exactly straight (the grain of the woodbeing crooked from which it is split) the slide-pins accommodate the motion of it in such a way as the shaving or planing bits do not straighten the treenail, but only dresses it to the required size, leaving it with the full strength of its fibers, as well as the straight pin or treenail.

It may be observed here that the timber after being crosscutted into proper lengths is split up into pieces of suitable size for the treenails; and then fed into the machine by `placing one endlin the mouth of guide7 and the other inthe fork of pendulum as seen 11@ at 7c, Fig. 1. The timber is then forced through the guide and bits by the forward mot-ion of the pitman, and falls out squared or eight squared as the case may be.

The main head is constructed with arms extending out on either side so as to lay on the frame as seen at 29, p, Fig. l, and then turning at right angles to the front meeting the guide m, m, which as before stated is bolted down through these arms;.the head also branches ofi to the rear far enough to receive the pillow blocks, which support the rock-shaft ci, d. The mouth of head is made to any given size, either square or Octagon as the case may be, and running in parallel to a given distance, then rounding out wide as at m, Fig. 6, so as to give freedom to t-he end of the treenail when it is crooked. The head in front is beveled off from the top,

bottom, and sides, to the mouth Where they treenail enters, then rounded off into the mouth so as to form a bead on each side as at a, a, Fig. 6. The bit-holders f, f, are made to hook on the beads, which serve as a pivot to each of the bits, when they are mader to' close on the treenail as it passes through; a groove is also made in the head for each bit to prevent side motion, and they extend along this groove to Where the parallel sides of head begin, and end with a lug or catch, with which the bit-rods connect, as shown at o, o, Fig. 6 A rim is projected out on the back of the head at e, 0, Fig. 6, on which the flange b, b, is made to slide. The bit-rods are bolted to the sliding flange b, at p, p, Fig. 6, and the motion of the flange from front to rear is produced by the rock shaft, worked by the cam rod c, Fig. l; the conneet-ions of the rock shaft with flange is shown at g, g, Fig. 5, el, being the shaft resting on plummer blocks at each side of the frame; on Fig. 6 (l, is a section of rock-shaft. s, s, Figs. 6, and 9, shows a spring riveted fast in a hole in the head which bears against a pin e, Fig. 4, or a, a, Fig. 9, which projects out from the bottom of bit-holder. The pressure of this spring serves to keep the hook of holder fr, Fig. t, hard up against the head at a, a, Fig. 6, and at the same time allows the end of the holder to be raised andv sliding flange, as seen more plainly on Fig. 6.'

The edge of the sliding fiange is seen atc,

Fig. l, d, CZ, the rock-shaft5 g, g, the arms of rock shaft, connecting with the sliding flange; j the crank of rockshaft, and c, the cam-rod which works the rock shaft, when put in motion from the main shaft by a belt on the pulley P.

The timber or rough treenail, as seen at la Fig. 1, is forced through the guide, and planing bits'by pitman, and falls out of the machine squared or finished as the case may be; as it requires two opera-tions to make the treenail, one to square it and anothery to eight-square it.

The same motion which forces the timber through the bits is made to operate on the sliding-flange by means of a cam on main shaft, cam-rod, and rockshaft, thereby moving the outer ends ofv bit-holders forward, so as to throw the edges of the bits toward each other, which gives the required taper to the treenail. t i

The treenail having passed once through the four planing bits with its sides vertical and horizontal, it is of course only squared and tapered, but as it is necessary to have it eight sided, its sides by some means must be held at an angle of 45 on the rest or pendulum and forced forward through the four planing bits in that position. lTo effect this a square plug Fig. 8, is inserted in the the levers c, c', being for the time sus'- Vpended) with a square hole (the corners of this hole is rounded as seen ata, a, a, a, Fig.

V8, so as to bear hard against the/corners lof treenail and keep itxirm While passing through the bits) in it at the angle of 45 to its sides, and of such a size as will freely admit the large end of squared treenail, and consequently when the treenail is forced through the bits again, it will fall out eight equared and finished.

When the timber is straight, the eight squaring of the treenail can be done at one operation. For this purpose I arrange the cornering bits in the lmain head on the four sides which are at angle of 45 with the vertical and horizontal sides on which the four squaring bits are placed, and at alittle distance behind the squaring bits to make room for the shaving. The holders'l of the same way as shown isometrically by Fi 4.

Now what I claim as my invention an desire to secure by Letters Patent is- The combination of the bit with the bit holder and head and the bit rod and flange, constructed and operating substantially in the manner and for vthe-purpose herein described.

JOSIAH KIRBY.

Witnesses:

VH. J. SPENCER,

JOHN BRAsnnAR. 

